Vital signs
Vital signs include your heart beat, breathing rate, temperature, and blood pressure. A healthcare provider will measure, or monitor your vital signs to determine your level of physical functioning. Note that the normal vital signs varies with age, sex, weight, exercise tolerance, and your overall health.
These are the normal vital sign ranges for a resting, average healthy adult
- Blood pressure: 90/60 mm/Hg to 120/80 mm/Hg
- Breathing: 12 - 18 breaths per minute
- Pulse: 60 - 100 beats per minute
- Temperature: 97.8 - 99.1 degrees Fahrenheit / average 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
NORMAL LABORATORY VALUES
| REFERENCE RANGE | SI REFERENCE INTERVALS | |
| BLOOD, PLASMA, SERUM | ||
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | 8-20 U/L | 8-20 U/L |
| Amylase, serum | 25-125 U/L | 25-125 U/L |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | 8-20 U/L | 8-20 U/L |
| Bilirubin, serum (adult) Total // Direct | 0.1-1.0 mg/dL // 0.0-0.3 mg/dL | 2-17 µ mol/L // 0-5 µ mol/L |
| Calcium, serum (Total) | 8.4-10.2 mg/dL | 2.1-2.8 mmol/L |
| Cholesterol, serum | < 200 mg/dL | < 5.2 mmol/L |
| Cortisol, serum | 0800 h: 5-23 µ g/dL // 1600 h: 3-15 µ g/dL | 138-635 nmol/L // 82-413 nmol/L |
| 2000 h: ≤ 50% of 0800 h | Fraction of 0800 h: ≤ 0.50 | |
| Creatine kinase, serum (at 30 ° C) ambulatory | Male: 25-90 U/L | 25-90 U/L |
| Female: 10-70 U/L | 10-70 U/L | |
| Creatinine, serum | 0.6-1.2 mg/dL | 53-106 µ mol/L |
| Electrolytes, serum | ||
| Sodium | 135-145 mEq/L | 136-145 mmol/L |
| Chloride | 95-105 mEq/L | 95-105 mmol/L |
| Potassium | 3.5-5.0 mEq/L | 3.5-5.0 mmol/L |
| Bicarbonate | 22-28 mEq/L | 22-28 mmol/L |
| Magnesium | 1.5-2.0 mEq/L | 1.5-2.0 mmol/L |
| Estriol (E3) total, serum (in pregnancy) | ||
| 24-28 wks // 32-36 wks | 30-170 ng/mL // 60-280 ng/mL | 104-590 // 208-970 nmol/L |
| 28-32 wks // 36-40 wks | 40-220 ng/mL // 80-350 ng/mL | 140-760 // 280-1210 nmol/L |
| Ferritin, serum | Male: 15-200 ng/mL | 15-200 µ g/L |
| Female: 12-150 ng/mL | 12-150 µ g/L | |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone, serum/plasma | Male: 4-25 mIU/mL | 4-25 U/L |
| Female: -- premenopause 4-30 mIU/mL | 4-30 U/L | |
| -- midcycle peak 10-90 mIU/mL | 10-90 U/L | |
| --postmenopause 40-250 mIU/mL | 40-250 U/L | |
| Gases, arterial blood (room air) | ||
| pH | 7.35-7.45 | [H + ] 36-44 nmol/L |
| PCO 2 | 33-45 mm Hg | 4.4-5.9 kPa |
| PO 2 | 75-105 mm Hg | 10.0-14.0 kPa |
| Glucose, serum | Fasting: 70-110 mg/dL | 3.8-6.1 mmol / L |
| 2-h postprandial: < 120 mg/dL | < 6.6 mmol/L | |
| Growth hormone - arginine stimulation | Fasting: < 5 ng/mL | < 5 µ g/L |
| provocative stimuli: 7 ng/mL | > 7 µ g/L | |
| Immunoglobulins, serum | ||
| IgA | 76-390 mg/dL | 0.76-3.90 g/L |
| IgE | 0-380 IU/mL | 0-380 kIU/mL |
| IgG | 650-1500 mg/dL | 6.5-15 g/L |
| IgM | 40-345 mg/dL | 0.4-3.45 g/L |
| Iron | 50-170 µ g/dL | 9-30 µ mol/L |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, serum | 45-90 U/L | 45-90 U/L |
| Luteinizing hormone, serum/plasma | Male: 6-23 mIU/mL | 6-23 U/L |
| Female: --follicular phase 5-30 mIU/mL | 5-30 U/L | |
| --midcycle 75-150 mIU/mL | 75-150 U/L | |
| --postmenopause 30-200 mIU/mL | 30-200 U/L | |
| Osmolality, serum | 275-295 mOsmol/kg | 275-295 mOsmol/kg |
| Parathyroid hormone, serum, N-terminal | 230-630 pg/mL | 230-630 ng/L |
| Phosphatase (alkaline), serum | 20-70 U/L | 20-70 U/L |
| Phosphorus (inorganic), serum | 3.0-4.5 mg/dL | 1.0-1.5 mmol/L |
| Prolactin, serum (hPRL) | < 20 ng/mL | < 20 µ g/L |
| Proteins, serum | ||
| Total (recumbent) | 6.0-7.8 g/dL | 60-78 g/L |
| Albumin | 3.5-5.5 g/dL | 35-55 g/L |
| Globulins | 2.3-3.5 g/dL | 23-35 g/L |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone, serum or plasma | 0.5-5.0 µ U/mL | 0.5-5.0 mU/L |
| Thyroidal iodine ( 123 I) uptake | 8-30% of administered dose/24 h | 0.08-0.30/24 h |
| Thyroxine (T 4 ), serum | 5-12 µ g/dL | 64-155 nmol/L |
| Triglycerides, serum | 35-160 mg/dL | 0.4-1.81 mmol/L |
| Triiodothyronine (T 3 ), serum (RIA) | 115-190 ng/dL | 1.8-2.9 nmol/L |
| Triiodothyronine (T 3 ) resin uptake | 25-35% | 0.25-0.35 |
| Urea nitrogen, serum (BUN) | 7-18 mg/dL | 1.2-3.0 mmol urea/L |
| Uric acid, serum | 3.0-8.2 mg/dL | 0.18-0.48 mmol/L |
| CEREBROSPINAL FLUID | ||
| Cell count | 0-5 cells/mm 3 | 0-5 x 10 6 /L |
| Chloride | 118-132 mEq/L | 118-132 mmol/L |
| Gamma globulin | 3-12% total proteins | 0.03-0.12 |
| Glucose | 40-70 mg/dL | 2.2-3.9 mmol/L |
| Pressure | 70-180 mm H 2 O | 70-180 mm H 2 O |
| Proteins, total | < 40 mg/dL | < 0.40 g/L |
| HEMATOLOGIC | ||
| Bleeding time | 2-7 minutes | 2-7 minutes |
| Erythrocyte count | Male: 4.3-5.9 million/mm 3 | 4.3-5.9 x 10 12 /L |
| Female: 3.5-5.5 million/mm 3 | 3.5-5.5 x 10 12 /L | |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) | Male: 0-15 mm/h | 0-15 mm/h |
| Female: 0-20 mm/h | 0-20 mm/h | |
| Hematocrit | Male: 41-53% | 0.41-0.53 |
| Female: 36-46% | 0.36-0.46 | |
| Hemoglobin A 1C | ≤ 6% | ≤ 0.06% |
| Hemoglobin, blood | Male: 13.5-17.5 g/dL | 2.09-2.71 mmol/L |
| Female: 12.0-16.0 g/dL | 1.86-2.48 mmol/L | |
| Hemoglobin, plasma | 1-4 mg/dL | 0.16-0.62 µ mol/L |
| Leukocyte count and differential | ||
| Leukocyte count | 4500-11,000/mm 3 | 4.5-11.0 x 10 9 /L |
| Segmented neutrophils | 54-62% | 0.54-0.62 |
| Band forms | 3-5% | 0.03-0.05 |
| Eosinophils | 1-3% | 0.01-0.03 |
| Basophils | 0-0.75% | 0-0.0075 |
| Lymphocytes | 25-33% | 0.25-0.33 |
| Monocytes | 3-7% | 0.03-0.07 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | 25.4-34.6 pg/cell | 0.39-0.54 fmol/cell |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration | 31-36% Hb/cell | 4.81-5.58 mmol Hb/L |
| Mean corpuscular volume | .80-100 µ m 3 | 80-100 fl |
| Partial thromboplastin time (activated) | 25-40 seconds | 25-40 seconds |
| Platelet count | 150,000-400,000/mm 3 | 150-400 x 10 9 /L |
| Prothrombin time | 11-15 seconds | 11-15 seconds |
| Reticulocyte count | 0.5-1.5% of red cells | 0.005-0.015 |
| Thrombin time | < 2 seconds deviation from control | < 2 seconds deviation from control |
| Volume | ||
| Plasma | Male: 25-43 mL/kg | 0.025-0.043 L/kg |
| Female: 28-45 mL/kg | 0.028-0.045 L/kg | |
| Red cell | Male: 20-36 mL/kg | 0.020-0.036 L/kg |
| Female: 19-31 mL/kg | 0.019-0.031 L/kg | |
| SWEAT | ||
| Chloride | 0-35 mmol/L | 0-35 mmol/L |
| URINE | ||
| Calcium | 100-300 mg/24 h | 2.5-7.5 mmol/24 h |
| Chloride | Varies with intake | Varies with intake |
| Creatinine clearance | Male: 97-137 mL/min | |
| Female: 88-128 mL/min | ||
| Estriol, total (in pregnancy) | ||
| 30 wks | 6-18 mg/24 h | 21-62 µ mol/24 h |
| 35 wks | 9-28 mg/24 h | 31-97 µ mol/24 h |
| 40 wks | 13-42 mg/24 h | 45-146 µ mol/24 h |
| 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids | Male: 3.0-10.0 mg/24 h | 8.2-27.6 µ mol/24 h |
| Female: 2.0-8.0 mg/24 h | 5.5-22.0 µ mol/24 h | |
| 17-Ketosteroids, total | Male: 8-20 mg/24 h | 28-70 µ mol/24 h |
| Female: 6-15 mg/24 h | 21-52 µ mol/24 h | |
| Osmolality | 50-1400 mOsmol/kg | |
| Oxalate | 8-40 µ g/mL | 90-445 µ mol/L |
| Potassium | Varies with diet | Varies with diet |
| Proteins, total | < 150 mg/24 h | < 0.15 g/24 h |
| Sodium | Varies with diet | Varies with diet |
| Uric acid | Varies with diet | Varies with diet |
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